Quantum Technology Fuels Breakthroughs in Fundamental Physics

Recent advances in quantum technology are reshaping our understanding of the fundamental principles of quantum physics. Companies developing quantum computers and innovative sensors are not only enhancing practical applications but also deepening our grasp of complex scientific concepts. This synergy between technology and foundational research was highlighted during a recent panel discussion featuring experts from diverse fields.

During the discussion, Stephanie Simmons, the chief quantum officer at Photonic and co-chair of Canada’s Quantum Advisory Council, noted that over the past two decades, research funding for quantum technology has significantly increased. This surge has attracted a diverse array of talent and heightened public awareness of the potential applications of quantum physics.

Simmons emphasized that the practical applications emerging from quantum technology have driven inquiries into fundamental questions. “We’re learning so much at a fundamental level because of technological advances,” she stated. She elaborated on how these applications compel researchers to reassess concepts such as quantum information and the nature of consciousness.

The panel, part of the 2025 International Year of Quantum Science and Technology, also included Artur Ekert, a quantum physicist from the University of Oxford, and Elise Crull, an associate professor of philosophy at the City University of New York. Ekert discussed the connections between foundational research in quantum mechanics and practical applications, noting that even classic studies, like the 1935 Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) paper, have implications for contemporary data security practices.

Crull highlighted the evolving landscape of quantum research, stating, “These days physicists can test things that they couldn’t before,” referring to advancements in quantum metrology and our understanding of the quantum-classical boundary. She expressed excitement about engaging with physicists to explore fundamental terms such as causality and the implications of quantum entanglement.

The notion of entanglement emerged as a central theme during the panel. Simmons pointed out that to achieve distributed quantum technology, researchers must rethink traditional approaches. She proposed an “entanglement-first” perspective that shifts focus from classical computing methods to harnessing the unique capabilities of quantum mechanics.

Ekert shared his observations about the interplay between technology and fundamental research, suggesting that breakthroughs in quantum technology often arise from traditional academic inquiries. He remarked, “Every single time I’ve tried to do pure research, I’ve failed because I’ve discovered it has interesting links to technology.”

As the discussion progressed, the panelists reflected on historic experiments that have shaped the field. Ekert cited the work of Alain Aspect in the early 1980s, which explored the violation of Bell inequalities, as a pivotal moment in understanding quantum randomness. Crull echoed this sentiment, sharing her fascination with the long-standing debates surrounding Bell-type experiments.

Looking ahead, Simmons expressed enthusiasm for the potential of large quantum systems to facilitate error correction and enhance computational capabilities. She stated, “Having those capabilities will unlock new technology and let us probe the measurement problem,” underscoring the vast implications for both theoretical and practical quantum research.

The conversation also touched on the commercial landscape of quantum technology, with Simmons noting that industry has become increasingly vital to the field’s advancement. “Industry is the most fast-moving place to be in quantum at the moment,” she observed, highlighting the rapid pace of innovation in corporate settings compared to traditional academic environments.

In closing, the panelists agreed that the future of quantum technology holds immense promise. Ekert articulated a vision where ongoing experiments could either confirm or challenge existing quantum principles. “If it works as we currently understand it should work, that’s fine,” he remarked. “But if it doesn’t work for some fundamental reason, it’s also great – it’s a win-win game.”

As quantum technology continues to evolve, its impact on both practical applications and fundamental scientific questions remains a dynamic and exciting frontier. The insights shared by these experts underscore the profound interconnectedness of technological progress and our understanding of the universe’s most intricate laws.