London’s Firefighters Face Alarming Cancer Risks Linked to Contaminants

Research commissioned by the Fire Brigades Union (FBU) has uncovered troubling levels of cancer risk among London firefighters, suggesting exposure to harmful contaminants is comparable to smoking 20 cigarettes a day. The findings were presented during a meeting of the London Assembly Fire Committee on December 2, 2023, highlighting the unique dangers faced by firefighters in the capital.

Studies indicate that firefighters aged 35 to 39 have a cancer diagnosis rate up to 323 percent higher than their peers in the general population. Gareth Beeton, the FBU Regional Chair, emphasized London Fire Brigade’s (LFB) status as the busiest fire and rescue service in the UK, which contributes to increased exposure to hazardous environments.

Beeton stated, “The number of firefighters that are exposed to arguably the largest number of fires has to have an effect on London firefighters.” This assertion was backed by Karl Smith, the union’s London Region Deputy Health & Safety Coordinator, who noted that firefighters are over three times more likely to receive a cancer diagnosis compared to the general population, with an alarming 4 percent of surveyed firefighters already diagnosed.

The World Health Organization classifies firefighting as a 1A occupation, the highest risk category for cancer, further solidifying the concerns raised by the union. Smith remarked on the gravity of the situation, urging immediate reforms within the LFB and from government officials to enhance safety standards and mitigate cancer risks.

Challenges Unique to London’s Firefighters

During the committee meeting, Spencer Sutcliff, Deputy Commissioner at the LFB, described the “confluence” of risks facing London firefighters compared to their counterparts in other cities. The dense urban environment, coupled with the increased use of fire retardants and chemicals in modern construction, heightens exposure levels. Sutcliff pointed out that the rise of electric vehicles has introduced new hazards, particularly related to lithium battery fires.

Smith stressed the need for a cultural shift within firefighting teams, including strict protocols to prevent contamination, such as discouraging the practice of placing fire gloves in helmets after use. He highlighted a disconnect between established policies and actual practices in fire stations, where funding limitations often hinder compliance with safety measures.

Sutcliff acknowledged the need for “increased awareness” and a cultural change within the LFB, but he also noted that financial constraints pose significant challenges. Firefighters are often unable to shower promptly after exposure due to a lack of available relief staff on busy days, and many older fire stations lack proper separation between clean and contaminated areas.

“When your fire gear is taken off, it could be at a point where it’s off-gassing,” Smith explained. “That off-gassing can spread from dirty areas into rest and food areas, which is unacceptable.” While efforts are underway to address these issues, the financial burden remains a critical obstacle.

Call for Increased Funding and Support

Beeton addressed the London Assembly members, stating that funding is a major limitation impacting firefighter safety. He urged both the Mayor and the central government to provide additional resources, emphasizing that there has been no new funding since the recommendations from the Grenfell Tower Inquiry. Although the Mayor has allocated some additional funds, the lack of support from central government remains a pressing concern.

“This funding issue is causing problems with availability of firefighters, overtime coverage, and resources,” Beeton remarked. He argued that the LFB is under-resourced compared to other major cities like Hong Kong, Tokyo, and Paris, which have made significant investments in fire and rescue services.

As discussions continue regarding the alarming cancer risks faced by London’s firefighters, the need for urgent reforms and increased funding is evident. The health and safety of those who bravely protect the capital depend on swift action and a commitment to improving working conditions.